Heart disease, a broad term encompassing various conditions affecting the heart and blood vessels, remains a leading cause of death worldwide. Understanding the risk factors, symptoms, and preventive measures is crucial for maintaining heart health.

Understanding Heart Disease

Heart disease is a complex condition that can manifest in various forms, including:

• Coronary Artery Disease: A condition where the arteries that supply blood to the heart become narrowed due to plaque buildup.
• Heart Attack: Occurs when blood flow to the heart is blocked.
• Stroke: Occurs when blood flow to the brain is interrupted.
• Heart Failure: A condition in which the heart can’t pump enough blood to meet the body’s needs.
• Arrhythmia: Irregular heart rhythms.

Risk Factors for Heart Disease

Several factors can increase your risk of heart disease:

• High Blood Pressure: Elevated blood pressure puts strain on the heart.
• High Cholesterol: High levels of LDL cholesterol can lead to plaque buildup in arteries.
• Smoking: Smoking damages blood vessels and increases the risk of heart disease.
• Diabetes: Diabetes can damage blood vessels and increase the risk of heart disease.
• Obesity: Excess weight can strain the heart.
• Physical Inactivity: Lack of exercise can increase the risk of heart disease.
• Family History: A family history of heart disease can increase your risk.

Symptoms of Heart Disease

Symptoms of heart disease can vary depending on the specific condition. Some common symptoms include:

• Chest pain or discomfort
• Shortness of breath
• Fatigue¹
• Irregular heartbeat
• Swelling in the ankles or feet
• Nausea or vomiting
• Sweating
• Lightheadedness or dizziness

Preventing Heart Disease

• Healthy Diet: Eat a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean protein.
• Regular Exercise: Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise most days of the week.
• Maintain a Healthy Weight:² Avoid excessive weight gain.
• Quit Smoking: Smoking is a major risk factor for heart disease.
• Manage Stress: Practice stress-reduction techniques like meditation or yoga.
• Regular Check-ups: Schedule regular check-ups with your doctor³ to monitor your blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and overall heart health.

By understanding the risk factors and taking proactive steps to improve your heart health, you can significantly reduce your chances of developing heart disease and live a longer, healthier life.